Aqueous solution of aminoplasts and cellulosic textile material impregnated therewith



United States Patent Ofi ice AQUEOUS SOLUTION F AMINOPLASTS AND CELLULUSIC TEXTILE MATERIAL IMPREG- NATEl) THEREWITH Aionzo L. Mantz, Tarrytown, N.Y., assignor to Union Carbide Corporation, a corporation of New York Original application Mar. 11, 1959, Scr. No. 798,578, now Patent No. 3,014,042, dated Dec. 19, 1961. Divided and this application Jan. 27, 1961, Ser. No.'35,178

14 Claims. (Cl. 260--29.4)

. tain improved softening agents, the latter compounds independently constituting new compositions of matter. As herein employed, the term impregnation is meant to include procedures by which the material being treated is coated with the finishing compositions. The invention is concerned further with novel processes for the production of the softening agents of this invention; as well as with cellulosic textile materials possessing improved physical properties, said cellulosic textile materials having been treated with the finishing compositions of this invention as herein described.

The modification of cellulosic textile material by chemical treatment has, over recent years, resulted in an increased interest in such materials for uses which were heretofore restricted to synthetic textiles. By way of illustration, a prominent application lies in the production of so-called Washand wear fabrics wherein the cellulosic textile material is treated by initially impregnating the material with a finishing composition consisting of an aqueone solution containing a thermosetting resin-forming compound, and ordinarily, an acid-producing catalyst. The impregnated cellulosic textile material is subsequently dried and cured, thereby at least partially polymerizing the resin-forming compound in situ and effecting a chemical bonding of the resin or resin-forming compound with the cellulosic textile material. The polymerization and bonding processes are accelerated by the presence of the acid-producing catalyst.

When treated in this manner, the impregnated cellulosic textile material has been found to evidence substantially improved crease-resistance and dimensional stability. Unfortunately however, certain disadvantages ordinarily accompany the treatment of cellulosic textile material by impregnation with a thermosetting resin-forming compound as herein above described. Included among these disadvantages are a loss of tear-strength in the impregnated material, and the impartation thereto of a harsh hand or feeling. In order to overcome these disadvantages softening agents have frequently been incorporated in, or utilized in conjunction with the finishing composition with which the cellulosic textile material is treated.

Most softening agents are long-chain organic compounds which have the ability to lubricate the fibers of the materialbeing treated, thus permitting the fibers more freedom of movement and improving the tear-strength of yarn or fabric containing the treated fibers. In addition, an enhanced hand is produced by the amount of softening agent located on the surface of the treated material.

To qualifyas an eificient softening agent for use in conjunction with the treatment of cellulosic fibrous material, and particularly cellulosic textile material, by im pregnation with a thermosetting resin-forming compound 3,095,396 Patented June 25, 1963 as hereinbefore described, the softening agent should evidence or possess the following desirable characteristics. Both the chlorine retention of the softening agent and its tendency to yellow or cause yellowing in the treated material should be at a minimum. The softening agent should also improve the tear-strength and hand of the treated material without adversely affecting the creaseresistance or other important physical properties of the treated material to any substantial extent. In addition, it is desirable that the softening agent be compatible with and stable in the finishing composition so as to permit incorporation therein, thus facilitating a simultaneous impregnation of the material to be treated with both the resin-forming compound and the softening agent.

The first softening agents employed for the treatment of cellulosic textile material were of the anionic type, such as sulfated tallows or tall oils. These compounds proved initially effective, but their effectiveness was dissipated rapidly during subsequent laundering. Cationic softening agents such as quaternarized fatty amines have also been considered attractive because of their substantive pick-up by the cellulosic textile material. Their use, however, frequently suffered the attendant disadvantage of an increased tendency toward yellowing in the treated material, while their effectiveness was often lost after relatively few launderings. The disadvantages of the prior art can now be overcome and still further improvements realized, through the practice of the present invention.

This invention is based upon the discovery that certain novel heterocyclic organic compounds, viz. methylolated imidazolidonyl ethyl acylates wherein the acylate radicals possess at least about 8 carbon atoms, serve as improved softening agents for cellulosic fibrous materials, and are particularly suited for use in conjunction with the treatment or" cellulosic fibrous material with a thermosetting resin-forming compound. Illustratively, by treating, i.e. impregnating or coating a cellulosic textile material with a finishing composition comprised of an aqueous solution containing a thermose-tting resin-forming compound, at least one of the novel softening agents of this invention and, preferably, an acid-producing catalyst, and by subsequently drying and curing the treated material, impregnated cellulosic textile material can be obtained possessing a high degree of tear-strength and evidencing a smooth hand. Moreover, the improved cellulosic textile products of this invention advantageously retain these desirable physical properties, as Well as other properties accruable as a consequence of impregnation with a thermosetting resin-forming compound, to a substantial extent even after repeated launderings, with little or no concomitant yellowing. Further, in addition to the treatment of cellulosic textile material, the finishing compositions of this invention can be employed in similar manner, and with like advantageous effect, to treat other cellulosic fibrous material, such as paper products prepared princi pally from cellulosic fibers.

More particularly, the softening agents of this invention are the 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-2-yl-l)ethyl acylates represented by the general formula an alkenyl radical such as an octenyl, decenyl, tetradecenyl, octadecenyl, or docosenyl radical; and the like. Of

J1 the above aliphatic radicals, the designation R preferably represents an alkyl radical. In addition, mixtures of 2-(3- methylol imidazolidon-2-yl-1)ethyl acylates, wherein more than one monovalent aliphatic radical of the type hereinabove described is present can also be employed as softening agents in accordance with this invention.

It has been found that the effectiveness of the softening agents of the invention increases in direct relationship with respect to the number of carbon atoms in the aliphatic radical designated above by R. Thus, by way of illustration, greater tear strength and a smoother hand is evidenced by cellulosic textile material treated with the finishing composition of the invention as herein described, wherein the softening agent is such that R designates an alkyl radical possessing 17 carbon atoms, as compared with identical textile material similarly treated, wherein however, the softening agent is such that R designates an alkyl radical containing only 11 carbon atoms. In this connection, the methylolated imidazolidonyl ether acylates represented by Formula 1 above, wherein R designates a monovalent aliphatic radical possessing less than about 8 carbon atoms have not been found suitable for use as softening agents in accordance with the invention.

The methylolated imi-dazolidonyl ethyl acylates can be prepared by a two-step process involving the initial esterification of a fatty acid with Z-(imidazolidon-Z-yl- 1)ethanol, the latter compound being represented by the formula HI I CH2CH2OH CHzCHz (II) so as to form the corresponding Z-(imidazolidon-Q-yl- 1)ethyl acylate intermediate represented by the general formula wherein R designates a monovalent aliphatic radical containing from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms. The intermediate product is then methylolated by reaction with either formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde so as to produce the desired 2-(3-methy1ol imidazolidon-2-yl-1)ethyl acylate. It is to be observed that the softening agents of this invention are produced by selecting the fatty acid reactant such that the acyl radical contained thereby possesses a monovalent aliphatic radical designated by R, wherein R is as defined above, i.e., contains at least about 8 carbon atoms.

The 2-(imidazolidon-2-yl-1)ethanol reactant can itself be obtained from any convenient source. The compound can be, for example, produced by processes such as those described in US. Patent 2,517,750, by the reaction of hydroxyethyl ethylene diamine with urea at a temperature of between about 100 C. and about 280 C. The resulting product need not be purified, but can, if desired, be employed in crude for subsequent reaction with a fatty acid as herein described.

The esterification of the 2-(imidazolidon-2-yl-1)ethanol with a fatty acid to produce the 2-(imidazolidon-2-yl- 1)ethy-l acylate intermediate is carried out by heating a mixture of the reactants at a temperature of between about 30 C. and about 200 C. or slightly higher, and preferably at a temperature of between about 100 C. and about 150 C., while removing the water formed durinng the course of the reaction. The concentration in which the reactants are employed is not critical to the process, although the ethanol derivative is preferably utilized in at least a stoichiometric proportion. Generally a suitable solvent such; as Xylene or toluene is also incorporated in the reaction mixture. Such a solvent further serves as an entraining agent, thereby facilitating the removal of water as an azeotropic mixture with the solvent during the course of the reaction. Under such conditions, the esterification is performed by azeotropically refluxing the reaction mixture. However, the esterification can also be carried out in the absence of an azeotroping agent, as for example, by utilizing an elevated reaction temperature, and ordinarily a reduced pressure, sufficient to permit the removal of water formed during the reaction. In addition, it may also be desirable to incorporate in the reaction mixture a catalytic amount of a conventional direct esterification catalyst such as sulfuric acid or toluenesulfonic acid, etc. such catalyst preferably being employed in a concentration of from about 0.5 to about 5.0 percent by Weight based upon the weight of the reactants and more preferably from about 1 to about 2 percent by weight based upon the weight of the reactants, although higher or lower concentrations can also be employed.

The completion of the esterification of the Z-(imidazilidon-2-yl-1)ethanol with the fatty acid as hcreinabove described can be determined conveniently by a cessation in the formation of water that is produced during the course of the reaction. Upon completion of the esterification, the resulting 2-(imidazolidon-2-yl-l)ethyl acylate intermediate can be recovered from the crude reaction product in any suitable manner. A satisfactory procedure; for instance comprises distilling off any remaining solvent, generally under reduced pressure, and thereafter cooling the residue to about room temperature, or somewhat lower, whereby the desired intermediate is recoverable in solid form. The produce can subsequently be purified by recrystallization from a suitable solvent such as methanol. Other suitable recovery procedures can also be employed. For example, the crude product obtained upon completion of the esterification can be cooled as indicated above, without the prior distillation of any remaining solvent. The desired intermediate can then be separated in solid form; any solvent that is present remaining in the liquid phase. Moreover, the crude reaction product itself can be employed for the subsequent methy-lolation, thus completely obviating the necessity for utilizing a recovery procedure.

The methylolation of the Z-(imidazolidon-Z-yl-l)ethyl acylate intermediate is carried out by heating an aqueous mixture or solution containing the intermediate and either formaldehyde or p-araformaldehyde at a temperature of between about 20 C. and about C. or slightly higher and preferably at a temperature of between about 30 C. and about 60 C. The proportion in which the reactants are employed is not critical to the process although stoichiometric proportions are preferably used. Thus, for example, one mole of formaldehyde is required to methylolate the secondary amino-nitrogen atom contained in each mole of the Z-(imidazolidon-Z-yl-l)ethyl acylate intermediate. It has been found particularly desirable to carry out the methylolation in the presence of a catalytic amount of an alkaline catalyst such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, triethanolamine, sodium carbonate, or the like, such alkaline catalyst preferably being employed in a concentration sufficient to engender a pH value of from about 8 to about 10 in the reaction mixture. Higher or lower concentrations of catalyst can also be utilized, although increasing saponification of the resulting product may render the use of higher catalyst concentrations less desirable. In addition, a suitable solvent such as water, methanol, ethanol, etc. is generally incorporated in the reaction mixture.

Upon completion of the methylolation, the resulting 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-2-yl-l)ethyl acylate can be recovered in any convenient manner. A suitable recovery procedure, for instance, involves neutralizing any remaining alkaline catalyst by the addition of dilute acid such as dilute sulfuric acid or dilute acetic acid, and thereafter distilling oil? the solvent, when present, preferably under reduced pressure. The 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-Z-yl-Uethyl acylate product can subsequently be recovered in solid or semisolid form, i.e. as a solid, paste, gel, etc., by cooling the residue to about room temperature or somewhat lower. The crude reaction product can then be purified, if desired, by recrystallization from a suitable solvent such as methanol or employed directly for use as a softening agent as herein described. Generally the 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-2-yl-1)ethyl acylate is dispersed in water and employed as an aqueous dispersion. Such dispersions are readily dissolved or emulsified in the finishing compositions of this invention.

In further accord with this invention, the 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-Z-yl-l)e-thyl acylates prepared by the above reactions are employed as softening agents for cellulosic fibrous material by incorporating the product in a finishing composition consisting of an aqueous solution containing a thermosetting resin-forming compound, at least one of the softenin agents of this invention, and preferably, an acid-producing catalyst such as those commonly utilized in conjunction with the production of thermosetting resin-forming compounds. Suitable catalysts, for example, include 2-amino-2-methylpropanol-1 hydrochloride, magnesium chloride, zinc chloride, zinc fluoroborate, monoethanolamine hydrochloride, and the like. The use of such a catalyst, however, is not essential to the invention. Of the thermosetting resin-forming compounds suitable for use in the invention, particular good results can be realized using an aminoplastic resin-forming compound such as the l,3-dimethylo1-S-alkyl-perhydrotriazones, urea-formaldehyde, melamine-formaldehyde, tetramethylol acetylene diureine or cyclic ethylene urea-formaldehyde (1,3-dimeth-ylol imidazolidone-Z), etc.

More particularly, the finishing compositions of this invention are generally comprised of from about 3 percent to about 15 percent by weight and preferably from about percent to about 12 percent by weight of the thermosetting-resin forming compound, from about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent by weight and preferably from about 0.3 percent to about 2 percent by weight of at least one of the softening agents of this invention and, when the use of an acid-producing catalyst is desired, from about 0.5 percent to about 3 percent by weight and preferably from about 1 percent to about 2.5 percent by weight of said acid-producing catalyst, water constituting the principal remaining constituent of the finishing composition. It has also been found desirable to incorporate in the finishing compositions small amounts of both a surface-active wetting agent, for example, from about 0.1 percent to about 0.5 percent by weight of a compound such as an alkyl phenyl polyethylene glycol ether or the like, and a 'bodying agent, as for instance, from about 1 percent to about 5 percent by weight of a compound such as polyvinyl alcohol, a cold water soluble starch ether, or the like. Still other finishing agents, such as water-repelling agents, can also be incorporated in the finishing compositions in minor amounts. In addition, the proportions of the individual components of the finishing compositions of the invention can, in the light of this disclosure, be varied by those skilled in the art Within somewhat broader ranges, depending upon the amounts desired to be picked-up by the material being treated. Moreover, satisfactory results can be obtained by incorporating the softening agents of the invention, preferably in amounts as hereinabove described, in any finishing composition conventionally employed to impregnate a cellulosic textile material with a thermosetting resin-forming compound, and particularly with an aminoplastic resin-forming compound.

In practice, the cellulosic fibrous material to be treated is immersed in or otherwise subjected to contact with the finishing composition of the invention until impregnated or coated therewith to a desired extent, in accordance with conventional padding operations. The treated material is then dried generally while substantially wrinkle-free, and preferably by air at a temperature of up to about C. Thereafter, the treated material, still desirably maintained substantially wrinkle-free is cured by beating the material at a temperature of from about C. to about 160 C. and preferably at a temperature of from about C. to about C., for a period of from about 1 to about 5 minutes. Other conventional drying and curing operations can also be employed. The cured material is subsequently generally neutralized and washed, especially when an acid-producing catalyst has been incorporated in the finishing composition. The neutralization can be effected, for example, by immersing the cured material in an aqueous solution containing small amounts i.e. up to about 1.0 percent by weight of sodium carbonate. The cured material is then washed with water until all traces of alkali are removed, and again dried. Ordinarily, temperatures of up to about 60 C. have been found satisfactory for use in such operation.

It is to be observed that the amount of finishing composition that impregnates the material being treated can be controlled during the padding operation. Thus, for example, by decreasing the roll pressure of the padding mangle, when such apparatus is employed, the material being treated is impregnated with increasing amounts of the finishing composition. The amount impregnated can be controlled by varying the proportions of the various components of the finishing composition. In accordance with the present invention, suitable techniques are employed to insure the impregnation of the material being treated with preferably from about 3 percent to about 15 percent and more preferably from about 5 percent to about 12 percent by weight of the thermosetting resinforming compound, preferably from about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent and more preferably from about 0.3 percent to about 2 percent by weight of the softening agent of the invention, and, when the use of an acidproducing catalyst is desired, preferably from about 0.5 percent to about 3 percent and more preferably from about 1 percent to about 2.5 percent by Weight of said acid-producing catalyst. Further, good results can be achieved by impregnating any cellulosic fibrous material with conventional amounts of a thermosetting resin-forming compound and a softening agent of this invention in an amount as herein prescribed.

The invention, and the advantages accruaole in accordance therewith, can be illustrated further by the following specific examples of its practice.

EXAMPLE I A reaction mixture consisting of 624 grams (6 moles) of hydroxyethyl ethylene diamine and 360 grams (6 moles) of urea was charged to a 5 liter 3-neck flask, stirred, and slowly heated to a maximum temperature of 200 C. until ammonia evolution essentially ceased. The crude liquid which resulted was vacuum stripped and the residue recrystallized from acetone to obtain Z-(imidazolidon-2-yl-l)ethanol in an essentially quantitative yield.

EXAMPLE II To a 500 milliliter three-neck flask equipped with a reflux condenser and decanting head, 142 grams (0.5 mole) of stearic acid, 64.5 grams (0.5 mole) of Z-(imidazolidon- 2-yl-l)ethanol obtained as described in Example I and 300 grams of xylene were charged. The charge was refluxed at a temperature of 150 C. for a period of ten hours, vwhile water slowly formed during the ensuing reaction was collected in the decanter as an azeotropic mixture with xylene. When approximately 175 grams of xylene had been removed as such azeotropic mixture, the temperature of reflux increased to C. and was maintained at that level for an additional eight hours during which time further quantities of a Water-xylene azeotropic mixture were collected. Upon completion of the reaction, as indicated by a cessation in the formation of Water, heating was discontinued. The remaining xylene was re- V 7 V moved by distillation at a maximum temperature of 140 C. and a pressure of about 30 millimeters of mercury. The residue was dissolved in benzene and the free stearic acid present (8 percent by weight of the residue) removed as ammonium stearate by bubbling ammonia through the benzene solution, followed by the filtration of the ammonium stearate precipitate. The benzene was then evaporated and the residue recrystallized from acetone whereby 2-(imidazolidon-2-yl-l)ethyl strearate was obtained in a 160 grams (81 percent) yield as a white power. Analysis of the product indicated the following properties: melting point: 63 C.; elemental analysis for nitrogen; calculated for C l-1 N 7.08 percent; found 7.04 percent. The production of the 2-(imidazolidon-2- yl-1)ethy1 stearate was also carried out in the absence of a xylene entraining agent by refluxing a mixture consisting of 156 grams (1.2 moles) of 2-(imidazolidon-2-yl-1)- ethanol and 284.5 grams (1 mole) of stearic acid at a temperature of 150 C. under a pressure of 30 millimeters of mercury for a period of 15 hours and then at a temperature of 200 C. under similar pressure for an additional 5 hour period, while removing the water formed during the course of the reaction. Analysis indicated all of the stearic acid had been reacted. Upon cooling to room temperature, the 2-(imidazolidon-2-yl-1)ethyl stearate thus formed was recovered as a while solid, in an essentially quantitative yield.

Fifty grams (0.125 mole) of 2-(imidazolidon-2-y-l-1)- ethyl stearate obtained as described above, 4 grams (1.33 moles based upon formaldehyde) of paraformaldehyde, 0.5 gram of sodium hydroxide and 150 ml. of methanol were charged to a 500 milliliter three-neck flask equipped with a reflux condenser and decanter head and refluxed at a temperature of 65 C. for a period of two hours. Upon completion of the reaction, the caustic was neutralized by the addition of alcoholic hydrochloric acid and the methanol solvent removed by vacuum distillation. The residue was dissolved in boiling acetone, and the insoluble precipitate which was also formed was removed by filtration. The filtrate was then cooled to a temperature of 20 C., whereupon 8.3 grams of a crystalline product believed to be 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-2-yl-l)- ethanol was formed and removed by filtration. Acetone was then stripped from the filtrate by vacuum distillation at a reduced pressure below about 40 millimeters of mercury, whereupon 39 grams of 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon- 2-yl)ethyl stearate was recovered as a light-yellow waxy solid, having a melting point of 46 C. When dispersed in an equal weight of water, a white paste was obtained. The product was found to be an effective softening agent in accordance with the invention.

Since the above methylolation resulted in some saponification, a reaction omitting the use of caustic was also carried out by heating a mixture containing 100 grams (0.25 mole) of 2-(-imidazolidon-2-yl-l)ethyl stearate obtained as described above, 9 grams (0.30 moles) of paraformaldehyde and 110 grams of water with stirring at a temperature of 60 C. for a period of six hours. The reaction mixture was then cooled to room temperature whereupon 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-Z-yl-l)ethyl stearate was recovered as an aqueous paste in an essentially quantitative yield. The product was found to be an effective softening agent in accordance with the invention.

EXAMPLE III In a manner as described in Example II 260 grams (1 mole) of a commercial grade of palmitic acid (Emersol 621; acid number 256.3; equivalent weight: 217) and 156 grams (1.2 mole) of 2-(imidazolidon-2-yl-l)ethanol obtained as described in Example I were heated to a temperature of 200 C. under a reduced pressure of 30 millimeters of mercury until the presence of palmitic acid could no longer be detected in the reaction mixture, while removing the water formed during the course of the reaction. Upon completion of the reaction, the product was cooled to room temperature whereupon Z-(imidazolidon-2-yl-1)ethyl palmitate was obtained in an essentially quantitative yield as a white solid.

A mixture containing 2-(irnidazolidon-2-yl-l)ethyl palmitate product obtained as described above 36 grams (1.2 mole based upon formaldehyde) of paraformaldehyde and 434 grams of water was heated with stirring at a temperature of 60 C. for a period of six hours. The reaction mixture was then coolcd to room temperature whereupon 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-Z-yl-l)ethyl palmitate was recovered as an aqueous paste in an essentially quantitative yield. The product was found to be an effective softening agent in accordance with the invention.

EXAMPLE IV In a manner as described in Example H, 200 grams (1 mole) of a commerical grade of lauric acid (Neofat l2; equivalent weight: 200.5) and 156 grams (1.2 mole) of Z-(imidazolidon-Z-yl-l)ethanol obtained as described in Example I were heated to a maximum temperature of 200 C. under a pressure of 30 millimeters of mercury until the presence of lauric acid could no longer be detected, while removing the water formed during the course of the reaction. Upon completion of the reaction the product was cooled to room temperature whereupon 2-(imidazolidon-2-yl-1)ethyl laurate was obtained in an essentially quantitative yield as a white solid.

A mixture containing 340 grams (1 mole) of the 2- (inridazolidon-Z-yl-l)ethyl laurate obtained as described above, 36 grams (1.2 mole based upon formaldehyde) of paraformaldehyde and about 370 grams of water was heated with stirring at a temperature of 60 C. for a period of six hours. The reaction mixture was then cooled to room temperature whereupon 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-Z-yl-l)ethyl laurate was recovered as an aqueous paste in an essentially quantitative yield. The product was found to be an effective softening agent in accordance with the invention.

EXAMPLE V Finishing compositions were prepared containing the following: 1,3-dimethylol irnidazolidone-2, 7.5 percent by weight; 2-amino-2-methylpropanol-1 hydrochloride, 0.5 percent by weight; various amounts of different softening agents as indicated below in Table A; 0.24 percent by weight of an alkyl phenyl polyethylene glycol ether wetting agent, and 5 percent by weight of a cold watersoluble starch ether bodying agent, the remaining component being water. Samples of cellulosic textile material were then treated with the finishing compositions and tested by the procedures described below. The results obtained are tabulated below in Table A.

Treating Procedure The fabric used was desized percale sheeting having a 96 x (warp-fill) count. Numbered sheets each measuring 10 in. x 24 in. cut in the warp direction were conditioned to constant weight at a temperature of 70 F. and 65 percent relative humidity. After immersion in the finishing composition at 50 C. for 2.5 minutes, the sheets were put through a hand wringer and then reirnmersed to the finishing composition for another 2.5 minutes. A second pass was made through the wringer and the specimens were allowed to air-dry, ironed at a low heat to remove wrinkles, oven-dried at C. for 10 minutes and cured at C. for five minutes. After washing with a 0.5 percent sodium carbonate solution, the sheets were given three cold water rinses and a boiling water rinse. The sheets were then brought again to constant weight at a temperature of 70 F. and 65 percent relative humidity.

Test Methods Tear strength-The tear strength was determined according to Federal Specification CCC-T-l9 1b test method 5132. Three specimens, each measuring 4 inches x 2.5

Specification CCC-T-191b test method 5212. Specimens,

inches x 6 inches, were cut from each sheet with the long dimension parallel to warp direction. The test specimens were held in boiling Water for three minutes and then three of the specimens were immersed for minutes in a weight of test solution (containing .25 percent available chlorine) equal to 50 times the weight of the specimen.

The control specimens and treated specimens were given 15 six fresh water rinses and then dried by ironing at a rayon heat for approximately 10 seconds. After conditioning at 65 percent humidity and 70 F. for 24 hours the control and treated specimens were placed in a scorch tester (Type SO-3, manufactured by the Atlas Electrical Devices Com- 'pany, Chicago, Illinois), at 365 for seconds. The actual damage was determined by recording the breaking strength in kilograms of each specimen with an Amthor tensile tester (manufactured by the Amthor Testing Instrument Co., Brooklyn, New York). The average values of 25 the breaking strengths of both the control and treated specimens are recorded below in Table A.

Crease-resislanca-Crease-resistance was determined by measuring the angle of recovery according to Federal each measuring 4 cm. x 1.5 em; out parallel to both the warp and fill directionwere placed into a specimen holder to produce a fold 1.8 cm. from the free end. The specimens were subjected to a 1.5 pound Weight for five minutes and then allowed to recover for five minutes while held on a protractor. The percent angle of recovery in the warp direction is recorded below in Table A.

Discolorati0n.Specimens, each measuring 4 inches x 6 inches, were subjected to accelerated aging conditions in an oven at a temperature of 100 C. for a period of 96 hours. The amount of yellowing was determined by measuring the reflectances on a Photovolt reflectometer (model 610) before and after aging. A deviation of l.() indicates a trace of discoloration, a deviation of 2.0 indicates noticeable yellowing, while a deviation of 3.0 or more indicates considerable yellowing.

In the table softening agent No. 1 is 2-(3-methylol Several of the advantages accruable in accordance with the invention, viz. improved tear strength accompanied by less chlorine retention and discoloration, can readily be seen from the above table.

EXAMPLE VI In a manner similar to that described above in Exrample V, finishing compositions were prepared containing different softening agents of this invention in varying amounts. In Table B below, softening agent No. 1 is 2-( 3-n1ethylol imidazolidon-2-yl-1-)ethyl stearate produced as described in Example II above, softening agent No. 2 is .the corresponding palmitate, produced as described in Example III above, and softening agent No. 3 is the corresponding laurate produced as described in Example IV above. These finishing compositions were employed to treat cellulosic textile material essentially as described above in Example V, and the treated material tested as further described therein.

TABLE B Amount of Amount Crease Discolorsoftening of resistance atiOn Softening agent Dry softening Tear (percent (reflecagent in pick-up agent on strength angle of tance fimslnng fabric recovery) deviacompotion tion Untreated 1, 082 46. 1 0. 5 Control 4. 25 432 80. 6 -1. 0 N 0.5 4. 95 0.25 496 80.6 -0.5 1.0 6. 45 0.61 528 81.6 0. 5

EXAMPLE VII In a manner similar to that described above in Example V, finishing compositions were prepared containing different softening agents in varying amounts. In Table C below, softening agent No. 1 is 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-2-yl-l)ethyl stearate produced as described above in Example II, softening agent No. 2 is a commercially available cationic softening agent. These finishing compositions were employed to treat cellulosic textile material essentially as described above in Example V and the treated material tested as further described therein.

TABLE 0 1m1dazo11don-2-yl-1)ethyl stearate, produced as descr bed in Example II above, softening agent No. 2 is a conven- Amofllnt A o mount Crease Discolort1onal glyoxahdme softening agent, 1 (2 hydroxyethyl) 2 50 Softening of resistance mien heptadecyl mndazolme. Also 1ncluded 1n the table for Softemng agent Dry softening Tear (percent (refleccomparison are data obtained from runs in one of which agent g plck'up gfi Strength i a fg water was substituted for the finishing composition (unc0mpotion) treated) and in another of which no softening agent was employed (control). As further tabulated, the concen- 55 tration of softening agent in the finishing composition is Egg 3;; 3'8 indicated in percent by weight; the dry pick-up represents g i- 425 8g. 9 1.0 w o. 5 s .9 1.0 the amount of finishing composition retained by the 544 833 5 treated material after drylng and curmg and is indicated 22g 2%? 38 in percent by weight based upon the Weight of softening 60 1111:: 491 1 agent on the fabnc is similarly indlcated.

TABLE A Concen- Chlorine retention tration of Amount of (breaking strength) Resistance Discolora- Softening agent softening Dry softening Tear (percent tion employed agent in pickup agent on strength angle of (reflectance finishing fabric recovery) deviation) composi- Control Bleached tion Untreated i 1,109 30.8 24.8 49.5 -1.0 433 19. 0 12. 3 81.8 0. 5 0. 5 4. s5 0. 29 544 17.1 11.1 72. 7 -1.0 1. 0 5. 93 0. 01 656 17. 5 12.5 76. 0 1. 0 2.0 6.47 1.50 688 17.8 15.5 70.0 1.0 0. 5 4. 45 0. 21 603 15. 7 7. 0 75. 5 -3. 0 1. 0 7. 0. 69 587 17. 7 10. s 80.0 4. 5 2.0 9.28 1.50 513 17.8 9.8 76.0 6.0

11 EXAMPLE VIII To test the permanence of the softening agents of the invention, finishing compositions were prepared as described above in Example V. Run No. 1 employed a finishing composition containing no softening agent; run No. 2 employed a finishing composition containing 2 percent by weight of 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-2-yl-l)- ethyl stearate produced as described above in Example II. The finishing compositions were employed to treat cellulosic textile material essentially as described above in Example V using ten specimens of cotton percale sheeting with each finishing composition. After calculating the amount of finishing composition retained by the treated material (add-on) samples were cut from the first specimen of each series and subjected to the Elemcndorf tear test as described above in Example V and the Monsanto crease-recovery test as described in Monsanto Technical Service Bulletin T30-45.1, published by the Monsanto Chemical Co., Springfield, Mass. All of the specimens were placed in a General Electric Filter-Flo washer, given four short cycle washings, allowed to air-dry, ironed, again brought to constant weight and weighed. This process Was repeated after 8, 16, and 24 washings. The short cycle washing consisted of a three-minute interval for filling with 17 gallons of water at 48 C., a fourminute agitation with about 100 grams of a commercially available detergent (Tide), a three-minute interval during which the wash water was removed, a three-minute interval for filling with 17 gallons of rinse water at 38 C., a two-minute rinse agitation and a three-minute damp-dry spin. The results obtained are indicated below in Table D In the Table the average weight of the fabric specimens and the dry pick-up is indicated in grams.

TABLE D (After padding, drying and curing) Crease resistanee (percent angle of recovery) Tear strength Run N0. Average fabric weight Average dry pick-up (After four washings) Cresae resistance (percent angle of recovery) Percent loss of dry pick- 1 Tear strength Average weight loss (After eight washings) (After sixteen washings) (After twenty-four washings) 12 cation Serial No. 798,578, filed March 11, 1959, now United States Patent No. 3,014,042, issued December 19, 1961.

What is claimed is:

1. A finishing composition for use in the treatment of cellulosic fibrous materials which comprises an aqueous solution containing (1) from about 3 percent to about 15 percent by weight of a member selected from the group consisting of aminoplasts and an aminoplast-forming compound reactive with the acylate defined in (2) below, and (2) from about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent by weight of a 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-Z-yl-l) ethyl acylate represented by the general formula wherein R is a monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical possessing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of alkyl and alkenyl.

2. A finishing composition for use in the treatment of cellulosic textile material which comprises an aqueous solution containing (1) from about 3 percent to about 15 percent by weight of a member selected from the group consisting of aminoplasts and an aminopl-ast-forming compound reactive with the acylate defined in (2) below, and (2) from about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent by weight of a 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-2-yl-1)ethyl acylate represented by the general formula wherein R is an alkyl radical possessing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and (3) an acidic catalyst.

3. A finishing composition for use in the treatment of cellulosic textile material which comprises an aqueous solution containing (1) from about 3 percent to about 15 percent by weight of a member selected from the group consisting of aminoplasts and an aminoplast-forming compound reactive With the acylate defined in (2) below, and (2) from about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent by weight of a 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-2-yl-1)ethyl acylate represented by the general formula wherein R is an alkyl radical possessing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and (3) from about 0.5 percent to about 3 percent by weight of an acidic catalyst.

5. A finishing composition for use in the treatment of cellulosic textile material which comprises an aqueous solution containing (1) from about 5 percent to about 12 percent by weight of a member selected from the group consisting of aminoplasts and an aminoplasts-forming compound reactive wtih the acylate defined in (2) below and (2) from about 0.3 percent to about 2 percent by weight of 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-Z-yl-l)ethyl acylate represented by the general formula wherein R is an alkeny-l radical possessing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and (3) from about 0.5 percent to about 3 percent by weight of an acidic catalyst.

6. A finishing composition for use in the treatment of cellulosic textile material which comprises an aqueous solution containing from about 3 percent to about 15 percent by weight of 1,3-dirnethylol imidazolidone-Z, from about 0.5 percent to about 3 percent by weight of 2- amino-Z-methylpropanol-l hydrochloride and from about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent by weight of 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-2-yl-l)ethyl stearate.

7. A finishing composition for use in the treatment of cellulosic textile material which comprises an aqueous solution containing from about 3 percent to about 15 percent by weight of 1,3-dimethylol imidazolidone-2, from about 0.5 percent to about 3 percent by weight of 2- amino-Z-methylpropanol-Z hydrochloride and from about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent by weight of 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-Z-yl-l )ethy] laurate.

8. A finishing composition for use in the treatment of cellulosic textile material which comprises an aqueous solution containing from about 3 percent to about 15 percent by weight of 1,3-dimethylo1 imidazolidone-2 from about 0.5 percent to about 3 percent by weight of 2- amino-Z-methylpropanol-l hydrochloride and from about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent by weight of 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-2-yl-1)ethyl palmitate.

9. A crease-resistant cellulosic textile material evidencing improved tear strength and hand comprising a cellulosic textile material impregnated with a composition comprising a mixture of (1) from about 3 percent to about 15 percent by weight of a member selected from the group consisting of aminoplasts and an aminoplast-forming compound reactive with the acylate defined in (2) below, and (2) from about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent by weight of a 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-2-yl-l)ethyl acylate represented by the general formula wherein R is a monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical possessing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of alkyl and alkenyl, and subsequently cured.

10. A crease-resistant cellulosic textile material evidencing improved tear strength and hand comprising a cellulosic textile material impregnated with a composition comprising a mixture of (1) from about 3 percent to about 15 percent by weight of a member selected from the group consisting of aminoplasts and an aminoplastforming compound reactive with the acylate defined in 14 (2) below, and (2) from about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent by weight of a 2-(-methylol imidazolidon-Z-yl-l) ethyl acylate represented by the general formula wherein R is an alkyl radical possessing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and (3) from about 0.5 percent to about 3 percent by weight of an acidic catalyst, and subsequently cured.

11. A crease-resistant cellulosic textile material evidencing improved tear strength and hand comprising a cellulosic textile material impregnated with a composition comprising a mixture of (1) from about 3 percent to about 15 percent by weight of a member selected from the group consisting of aminoplasts and an aminoplastforming compound reactive with the acylate defined in (2) below, and (2) from about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent by weight of a 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-Z-yl- 1)ethyl acylate represented by the general formula wherein R is an alkenyl radical possessing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and (3) from about 0.5 percent to about 3 percent by weight of an acidic catalyst, and subsequently cured.

12. A crease-resistant cellulosic textile material evidencing improved tear strength and hand comprising a cellulosic textile material impregnated with a composition comprising a mixture of from about 3 percent to about 15 percent by weight of 1,3-dimethy1ol imidazolidone-Z, from about 0.5 percent to about 3 percent by weight of 2-amino-2-methylpropanol-1 hydrochloride and from about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent by weight of 2-(3- methylol imidazolidon-2-yl-1)ethyl stearate, and subsequently cured.

13. A crease-resistant cellulosic textile material evidencing improved tear strength and hand comprising a cellulosic textile material impregnated with a composition comprising a mixture of from about 3 percent to about 15 percent by weight of 1,3-dimethylol imidazolidone-Z, from about 0.5 percent to about 3 percent by weight of 2-amino-2-methylpropanol-1 hydrochloride and from about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent by weight of 2-(3- methylol imidazolidon-2-yl-1)ethyl pahnitate, and subsequently cured.

14. A crease-resistant cellulosic textile material evidencing improved tear strength and hand comprising a cellulosic textile material impregnated with a composition comprising a mixture of from about 3 to about 15 percent by weight of 1,3-dimethylol imidazolidone-2, from about 0.5 percent to about 3 percent by weight of 2- amino-Z-methylpropanol-1 hydrochloride and from about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent by weight of 2-(3-methylol imidazolidon-2-yl-1)ethyl laurate, and subsequently cured.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,833,674 Hurwitz May 6, 1958 

1. A FINISHING COMPOSITION FOR USE IN THE TREATMENT OF CELLULOSE FIBROUS MATERIALS WHICH COMPRISES AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION CONTAINING (1) FROM ABOUT 3 PERCENT TO ABOUT 15 PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF A MEMBER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF AMINOPLASTS AND AN AMINOPLAST-FORMING COMPOUND REACTIVE WITH THE ACYLATE DEFINED IN (2) BELOW, AND (2) FROM ABOUT 0.1 PERCENT TO ABOUT 5 PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF A 2-(3-METHYLOL IMIDAZOLIDON-2-YL-1) ETHYL ACYLATE REPRESENTED BY THE GENERAL FORMULA 